Charles Goodyear Essay Example For Students

Charles Goodyear Essay Charles GoodyearCharles Goodyear was conceived in New Haven, Connecticut on December 29, 1800 to Amasa and Cynthia Goodyear. Charless dad was an equipment fabricate and a shipper. Amasa Goodyear assembled essentially cultivating devices like hayforks and grass shearers, which he concocted. At the point when Charles was a young person he needed to go into the service and become a minister, however his dad persuaded him that he was a decent representative and put him in the tool shop of the Rogers siblings in Philadelphia at seventeen years old. He worked there until he was twenty-one years of age. Around then he came back to New Haven to join his dads business, making ranch apparatuses. For a long time he worked for his dad, developing the privately-run company. On August 24, 1824, while he was all the while working for his dad he wedded Clarissa Beecher who additionally lived in New Haven, Connecticut. In 1826 Charles Goodyear chose to move to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. There he ope ned a home improvement shop where he sold the items that his dad made. Four years subsequent to opening this store both Amasa and Charles Goodyear were bankrupt since they would stretch out credit to clients and the clients could never repay the cash that they owed. Charless wellbeing began to decay and both dad and child owed a huge number of dollars. For the following thirty years Charles Goodyear was tossed behind bars more than multiple times since he didnt pay his obligations. In 1834 when he was in New York, on a work excursion, the Roxbury India Rubber Company grabbed his attention. He chose to go inside the store and investigate. While he was in the store he saw an India elastic valve on one of the items in the store. He imagined that a superior valve on a result of his dads may assist them with taking care of a portion of their obligation. He chose to improve a valve with Indian elastic. A couple of days after the fact he demonstrated it to the director of the Roxbury India Rubber Company, who was exceptionally dazzled with valve, yet the chief didnt empower it since he was anxious about the possibility that that Goodyear may think of a superior sort of elastic that didnt liquefy and get clingy in the late spring like India elastic did. Getting an increase in certainty when he returned to Philadelphia, he chose to begin exploring different avenues regarding India elastic. He did his first testing in prison, on the grounds that promptly upon his arrival he was placed in prison for another obligation. The India elastic market was starting to come up short in light of the fact that the elastic would liquefy in the mid year heat, in this way it would cost him practically nothing to purchase the elastic. His first attempt in improving elastic, he joined gum flexible with the India elastic, however when summer came his elastic responded in equivalent to the India elastic. The time of 1836 Charles Goodyear had no promising outcomes. With the things that he m ade out of India elastic (which were disappointments to improving a sort of elastic) they were offered to pawn shops to create some pay. Loved ones would give him cash so he could prop his elastic research up. In 1837 Goodyear concocted a procedure in which he covered the India elastic with metal and corrosive (this is just piece of the vulcanization procedure). On June 17, 1837 he got patent No. 240. In 1837 he moved to Roxbury, Massachusetts, where the India elastic business was begun. The India elastic business had bounced back, however just selling constrained items. There he met E.M. Chaffee, who developed India elastic and John Haskins, one of the plant chiefs. They saw a portion of his work and permitted him to lease a little part of the industrial facility and utilize their apparatus. There in the winter of 1837-38 he sold shoes, piano covers, and decorative spreads using his new procedure. In winter of 1838 he met a man named Nathaniel M. Hayward who was going to patent his revelation in which he put sulfur on elastic to dispense with the tenacity of the elastic. Goodyear recruited Hayward to go more top to bottom with the test utilizing sulfur with India elastic. Mutually they found that in the event that they blended sulfur and oil of turpentine together and, at that point included Goodyears corrosive and metal covering, this created an elastic that didnt dissolve in the blistering climate. This procedure is called vulcanization. They found this when they were contending one day and they spilled the blend on an oven. It didnt soften it, just consumed a bit. On February 24, 1839 they got their patent for elastic. Without anyone else, Goodyear examined into elastic more and found how to make delicate elastic and hard elastic. At long last, the procedure was great, and Goodyear got the observed Patent No. 3,633 on June 15, 1844. Since he has these licenses, you would imagine that he would be rich, however Goodyear was always unable to take care of his obligations, so he was committed to sell licenses and licenses for under market esteem. Since the elastic business was settled in the United States he chose to head toward Europe in nations like Germany, France, and Great Britain to develop his business and possibly bring in some cash. He was in Europe for more than 5 years indicating shows of elastic made items like adornments, floor covers, books, and furniture. On July 1, 1860 he kicked the bucket, in a New York lodging, morning the demise of one of his little girls. At the point when he kicked the bucket he left his widow and six youngsters with an obligation of around 200,000 dollars! Without Goodyears disclosure where might we be today? We would in any case have wood or stone tires. In the late spring the soles of our shoes would adhere to the asphalt and we could always be unable to delete on a paper when we committed an error. It would be significantly increasingly troublesome without elastic and the procedure of vulcanizati on. .ub697fd4d545544618134dc06466a1d79 , .ub697fd4d545544618134dc06466a1d79 .postImageUrl , .ub697fd4d545544618134dc06466a1d79 .focused content territory { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .ub697fd4d545544618134dc06466a1d79 , .ub697fd4d545544618134dc06466a1d79:hover , .ub697fd4d545544618134dc06466a1d79:visited , .ub697fd4d545544618134dc06466a1d79:active { border:0!important; } .ub697fd4d545544618134dc06466a1d79 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .ub697fd4d545544618134dc06466a1d79 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; mistiness: 1; progress: darkness 250ms; webkit-change: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .ub697fd4d545544618134dc06466a1d79:active , .ub697fd4d545544618134dc06466a1d79:hover { obscurity: 1; change: murkiness 250ms; webkit-progress: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .ub697fd4d545544618134dc06466a1d79 .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relat ive; } .ub697fd4d545544618134dc06466a1d79 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content embellishment: underline; } .ub697fd4d545544618134dc06466a1d79 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .ub697fd4d545544618134dc06466a1d79 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; outskirt range: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-stature: 26px; moz-outskirt sweep: 3px; content adjust: focus; content enrichment: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub697fd4d545544618134dc06466a1d79:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .ub697 fd4d545544618134dc06466a1d79 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .ub697fd4d545544618134dc06466a1d79-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .ub697fd4d545544618134dc06466a1d79:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Napoleon Essay Thesis We will compose a custom exposition on Charles Goodyear explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now

The Difference Between Being Productive and Being Busy

The Difference Between Being Productive and Being Busy You probably have some friends or just met some people who claim to be very busy, not with just their work, but with a lot of things they do in life.And you probably thought to yourself “Wow, they are very busy, they are probably very productive in their lives and jobs”.However, that might not always be the case.Most of the time you can be very busy, but, at the same time, not very productive.It really depends on how well you are able to manage your time and create a good schedule which you are able to follow.We are here today to solve any dilemma you might have.We will show you what is the difference between being busy and being productive and how you can shift from busy to productive, by providing some practical examples.Without any further due, let’s get into it!BUSY VS PRODUCTIVE, WHATS THE DIFFERENCE?Like we have already mentioned, there is a very big difference between what it really means to be busy and being productive.Interesting thing is, you can be very busy for the entire day and still feel like you haven’t been productive at all.When we work, we often have our “to-do-lists” to follow, but sometimes you can do like 70-80% of your list and still feel like you weren’t productive enough?For example, if you left out 2 or 3 really important tasks, while you had done everything else, then you might feel like you haven’t accomplished enough for the day. Source: www.icas.coma.  Busy IndividualThe busy person is someone who wastes too much time on doing things for which that much time is not needed.For example, if I had 3 days to write and post some article, I would have to do several different things before I am ready to post it on the website.First, I would have to do some research on the topic in order to familiarize myself to what I need to write.After that, I would have to structure the article to look and feel nice. Then comes the writing and after that posting the article on the website.Now, a busy person would, for instance, spend too much time on one of these tasks, for instance, 2 and a half days on research and half a day on writing and posting.That would be counter-productive and would make the text look rushed and not good enough.Another possibility is that distinguishes busy from a productive person is that people who are busy often tend to be perfectionists.Of course, it is not a bad thing to wish for your work to be pe rfect, but sometimes it is simply not possible.So, in our example, a perfectionist would be the person who would want to make text look perfect and unique in every aspect, which is not always possible, due to deadlines and other factors that can contribute all the same.b.  Productive IndividualA person who is productive is also a person who is busy, but a person who is busy is not always a person who is productive.Productive people tend to think differently, they don’t waste time doing one task for too long. Instead, they try to make most of their time being useful.Let’s take the previous example and see how a productive person would handle the same task.So, the goal is the same, 3 days for the article to be posted on the website.The only different thing now, is that we have a productive person working on a task.Productive people know how to manage their time and plan ahead in order to prioritize more important tasks first.In our example, a person who is productive would properl y split all the tasks.For instance, I would first do a research on the topic at hand and structure the article prior to the writing.Since I would have 3 days, that could be done on day 1.Since the article has already been structured, I would be able to immediately start writing the next day, without having to worry about making the structure along the way.That way, I would be able to write much faster, while following the said structure along the way in order to keep the article meaningful and easier to read.And lastly, if the text is finished by the end of the 2nd day, then I would spend some part of the third day to re-read it and correct some possible grammar errors that might’ve appeared along the way.After that, what remains is, simply upload the article on the website.As you can see, this system seems way more organized and meticulous than what a busy person would do.It is very important to act this way because your work would be much better, thus, making your clients much h appier.BENEFITS OF BECOMING MORE PRODUCTIVE BY JOHN SPENCERNow that we have defined and went through the main responsibilities of what it really means to be productive, let’s see why it is so important to be productive, what are the main advantages of having a productive person in your company’s team.We will focus on a practical example John Spencer, a college teacher, had.We’ll see how he managed to change his personality from being busy to being productive and what improvements in his work and life he noticed when he had decided to make this change. 1. Better ProjectsThe very first improvement John Spencer noticed, was the fact that after he had made the shift from being busy to being productive, he started to make much better projects regarding his work with the children.What he always wanted to achieve is think of a new way for children to learn, to make it easier and help children to both have fun and learn new and important things at the same time.After he broke up with busy, he was able to focus more on that planning aspect of his work, which helped him make better plans for learning school units.This happened because he stopped spending a lot of time on trivial tasks such as inputting grades, which allowed him to focus on more important work.2. Taking Creative RisksWhen he started being productive, John Spencer started feeling like he has more freedom to put his creativity to test, which helped him achieve some of his goals regarding the ways children can learn in a faster and more interesting fashion.But, in order to find that innovative way of learning things, he had to take some creative risks and experiment with how students manage their studying obligations.Apart from that, he had to let go of his fear of making mistakes as a teacher, because no one is perfect and in order to find the best way of doing something, one must take certain risks.He started from changing focus from centered learning to project-based learning, and he really felt li ke he is free enough to do it.That’s why it is very important to be confident in your own abilities and not to be afraid to take some creative risks.3. Changing Your Practice for BetterOne of the crucial steps to take regarding your transformation from busy to productive person is, says John Spencer, to let go of your perfectionism.He claims that it is more important to focus on tasks that matter the most, instead of trying to solve everything at any given time, because some things are simply not worth extra time and effort.That is really important because it helps you mark the tasks that are crucial to be done, so you are able to have clear priorities, without having to focus on several tasks at the same time, which often leads to sloppy work.When he managed to do that, he started to bring that transformation into his classroom, which helped him with his lectures and changed the way he was teaching his students.4. Become the Author of Your Own LifeOne very important thing you sho uld have in mind, not just when you are considering to change from being busy to being productive, but also for every-day life, is to find some free time for some hobby or some type of creative work.That would help you ease the stress and relax a bit because it is simply not possible to just work, work, work and stay normal. You have to enjoy your life as well.For example, John Spencer and his wife have an agreement that they both take one day during a week, on which they would do things they are passionate about.John, for example, every Thursday night he does Genius Hour project, where he creates a sketch video regarding certain novels, which is his personal passion project.He says that it is important for us to find our own passion projects, to help us relax and forget about stress from work.5. Use Your Free Time to be Creative and Help Your TeamJohn Spencer doesn’t really have a kind of team like the ones working in a big company. His team is his class, his students, to whom he should be a role model.What makes John great teacher is his will to help his students, not just to learn from books, but also to learn from life and their own mistakes.He often asks himself the question of what is he doing for his students, and would they be able to do those things on their own.For that purpose, he often likes to empower his students, to let them make some tough choices, in order to help them achieve their full potential and become the best version of themselves, which would later help them when they get a real job and have to make some sort of tough decisions.He is doing that by letting them manage their own projects, criticize each other works and assess how much they learned by themselves.HOW TO CHANGE FROM BEING BUSY TO BEING PRODUCTIVE?Now that we know what are the benefits of being productive, let’s focus on how you can transform from being busy to being a productive person.It is definitely not an easy process and it will take you some time to adjust to all the changes you would have to make, but ultimately, the payoffs are huge and very helpful.1. Have Clear PrioritiesThe first very important thing you need to do when you start your transformation from being buys to being productive is to create a clear list of priorities because not all tasks have the same level of importance.That’s why it is crucial to set apart those tasks who are trivial and not as important from tasks which should be considered a top priority.When you do that, you will know the exact amount of time you should spend on certain tasks, in order to avoid wasting time on not so important things and focus on tasks that are of the biggest importance to your business.For John Spencer, it meant not to spend that much time on tasks such as grading and committee meetings and focus on fulfilling tasks such as assessing students’ abilities and spending more time on structuring lectures and lessons.2. Learn to Say NoAnother step, which is closely related to the first one, is to learn to say no to tasks that are trivial and that don’t matter much.While doing any type of work, there is a large number of opportunities and projects one is able to take on.Some are funnier than others, some are easier than others, but in order for your company and you to be productive, you have to accept only projects that are closely related to what you do.Some projects that are more interesting to do might not always be linked to what you are trying to achieve, so you will have to let go of them and find other more useful opportunities, which would help you improve your work and help you with achieving your goals. 3. Have a Good Schedule to FollowSometimes it can be hard to keep track of all important activities and tasks you have to fulfill, especially if you are a person who is very busy.Hence, it is crucial to work on your active schedule, to plan everything ahead and stick to that schedule as close as possible in order to avoid confusion and missed deadlines.This doesn’t just apply to your work schedule, but also for your personal schedule. For example, John Spencer has a very clear schedule.He gets up every morning at 5 o’clock and finishes his work by four. And he gets in bed at nine or ten at most.So, in order to be successful in what you do, you have to be disciplined when it comes to following a set schedule.4. Constantly Create New ContentThe key to success is constant innovation. It is true for both big companies and individual employees.Without constant positive changes, no one can survive in this worlds’ dynamic business environment.That’s why, in order to be a productive person, you have to constantly create new content, meaning that you should always try to evaluate your own work and processes included in that work and to improve them if necessary.For instance, John Spencer tries to create new content and new ways of presenting that content for each of his lectures and lesson materials.It is a good way to stay in shape, so to speak, to train your brain not to get too comfortable with one or few different ways of doing things, but rather constantly trying to improve them.5. Engage Yourself in Doing Some Deep WorkBeing focused on your work is one of the ways to increase your productivity and transform yourself from busy to productive person.One of the ways to increase work focus is the so-called deep work.Deep work means that you would work on something without any interruptions, whatsoever, meaning that you would be fully focused on your own work, without having to worry about anything else.John Spencer, for example, tends to come to school one hour earlier, so he involves himself in some deep work until his regular work time.That helps him do some work that was either left over from the previous day or that is very important for the following lectures.6. Do the Tasks You Hate FirstEver since we were little and went to school, we all had that one subject we hated but had to learn it in order to pass.S adly, that doesn’t stop when you finish school and get a job.There will always be jobs or certain tasks that we hate.Some people tend to leave those tasks to be the last on their to-do-list, and there are some who prefer to do work they hate as soon as possible.The second option is, of course, the right one! It is better to focus on doing work you hate first because it would probably take you the most time to do it and it is not a good idea to leave it for the end.7. Focus on Doing a Single Project a TimeOne very useful skill to have for every type of job is multitasking.Sometimes it is a good trait, sometimes not so much, because it can just confuse you and drive you away from your actual goal.Doing multiple things at the same time might give you the look of being hyper-productive, but it actually causes the opposite reaction, simply called interrupted productivity.It is simply not possible to do multiple tasks and have optimal productivity at the same time. Why is that, you migh t ask?Well, the answer is simple.You cannot focus on one important thing and do it properly, because you would have to switch from task to task.In that state, you cannot achieve full concentration level and engage in some real deep work.That’s why it is recommended to focus on a single important project at a time, in order to avoid this cycle of non-optimal productivity.8. Schedule Rest PeriodsAs much as work you do is important, it is also important to cool off and relax from time to time.Constant work can cause a lot of stress and stress is what makes you less productive. One way to avoid that is to create your own rest schedule.Yes, you read that right! Just like you can make a schedule for your work and appointments, you can also make a schedule for resting because resting is an important part of being productive person, because it lets you cool of and eases the stress caused by your work.So, after reading this, you don’t have to feel guilty anymore when you decide to take a few minutes of your work and rest because it would actually help you be more productive in the future.9. Understand the Impact of Being Busy on Your Emotional StateAnd lastly, in order to transform yourself from being busy to being a productive person, you will have to understand and accept the impact that busyness has on your emotional state.There is a thing called “busy trap”. It often happens when you are overloaded with work and you have many tasks to do, but eventually, you end up doing nothing at all.Apart from that, you could feel a bit nervous and anxious about certain tasks and it could lead to overbooking your schedule, making it almost impossible to follow.That is something you really have to understand in order for you to overcome this obstacle, so make sure you prepare yourself emotionally.CONCLUSIONThat was everything for today folks!I hope we managed to clear things up for you and help you realize what is the difference between being busy and being productive and how you could make that change from busy to productive.

The Modern Era And Its Impact On The World - 1086 Words

The Modern period is a cultural movement that has a lasting impact on the world. The Romantic period provoked everyone to rebellion and two of the greatest revolutions, the American and French, were an outcome of that period. Thus, the Modern period was born when the Romantics faded out and this shift in culture changed the world forever. Modernism changed the way people lived in a number of different reasons, but there are three that stood out from the rest. The Modern Era changed the world through literature, producing some of the greatest works in history, through technology and science, this new scientific movement invented groundbreaking technology, and lastly through wars, people realized that being ruled by one all-powerful monarchy is not the way they want to live. A lot of credit can go to the Enlightenment and Romantic periods, but the Modern period shaped the world so radically that it would not be the same without it. The Modern period in literature took an unexpected tur n. In the past, literature had a traditional flow to it. The Romantics somewhat broke away from this traditional form, but Modern literature completely broke off from the old fashion way of viewing and interpreting the world. According to an article Modernism, the author states â€Å"Experimentation and individualism became virtues, where in the past they were often heartily discouraged.† At first, the literature of this time was a push back against the Victorian culture, which was the main way ofShow MoreRelatedGutenbergs Printing Press as a Turning Point in Modern Society924 Words   |  4 PagesGutenberg’s Printing Press as a Turning point in Modern Society A turning point entails the landmark moments and forces of change that make up modern history (Liulevicius, 2014). The most important turning point happened way back in 1400. They have helped the human race in their struggle for civilization. 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Poetry Analysis The Lanyard Essay - 637 Words

Rough Draft We have all had those memorable moments that send us back in time; a song on the radio, the smell of cookies baking, driving in the car. They make you think of good times passed. But Billy Collins’s poem, â€Å"The Lanyard†, is not only a recollection of the past, but a personal insight to about the things his mother has done for him and what he has done in return. The poem starts off with the speaker recounting an event that occurred the other day. We see him moving about a blue-walled room â€Å"ricocheting slowly† from one thing to the next (1). He seems to be in search of something, perhaps inspiration for his next poem, as he moves from items like the typewriter to the piano, from the piano to the bookshelf, then to an envelope on†¦show more content†¦No longer is he in the room of a learned poet, but he is now in the body of a child â€Å"at a workbench at a camp / by a deep Adirondack lake† (9-10). Again, we have a reference to water, which now gives the scene a serene setting and sets up the next section where he reveals his feelings for the lanyard. Although he shifts the tone from stuffy, nostalgic to a humorous one where â€Å"He got the biggest laugh for †¦ [juxtaposing] all his mother ever did for him with his gift of a lanyard of woven plastic that he made her at summer camp† (French), Billy Collins displays that the lanyard is vision of love and value. It’s the idea that a child doesn’t understand the material value or physical toll a mother in every sense sacrifices for her child, yet the child truly does love his mother, and so he gives her everything that’s important and valuable to him. He says, â€Å"I’m so young now, but even though my fruits are inexpensive and modest, inside I am rich in your compassion and charity for me† This speaks on a very deep level, in regards to the genuine warmth the author implied toward the mother in his piece. There is a subliminal truth of sentimental â€Å"value†, because the reality of this world is that all material wealth can be lost in a moment, but real wealth is not some slice of pie one luckily stumbles upon in the world, real wealth is first found in the human being, and the human becomes the reflective producer of these

Building Quadcopter Software from Scratch †Theory Free Essays

Microelectronic (either some Ordains compatible board, Teensy, or any us that will suit your needs) TX system (more on the cheap side, you could use Turning xx or Turning car with a achiever that supports PUMP output) – more on that later Step 2. Sensors Its time for you to learn what accelerometer and gyroscope actually do. (yes really) accelerometer – measures g-force, its great to determinate pitch and roll angles, however accelerometers are acceptable to vibrations and shock Graph displaying accelerometer angle (shaking in hand) gyroscope – gyroscope measures acceleration rate (which is perfect for quadruplets), gyroscopes aren’t affected by vibrations however gyroscopes tend to drift over time (more on this later) Graph displaying gyroscope angle drifting over time From the block diagram on top, you could probably have guessed that getting reliable data from those 2 sensors won’t be so easy, but worry not. We will write a custom essay sample on Building Quadcopter Software from Scratch – Theory or any similar topic only for you Order Now Step 3. : Kinematics Part where all the sensor â€Å"magic† happen, I will only cover complementary filter here (as it is the one that I am using and its the most simple one to implement in code / also rather simple to explain). Right now we have raw gyroscope data and raw accelerometer data on our hand, but neither one of these sensor outputs give us â€Å"accurate enough† estimate to be used in our stabilization algorithm. What we will do, is combine cell and gyro outputs via complementary filter. Output from our kinematics will feature a strongly suppressed noise from accelerometer and also gyro step 4. : First PIED First PIED controller, from the diagram on top you can see that our first PIED controller will take output from our pilot as â€Å"setting† and kinematics (containing current estimation of yaw, pitch and roll angles) as input. Output from our first PIED controller will contain = angle desired by pilot +- current kinematics angle, this acts like an â€Å"accelerate† for second PIED. In this case â€Å"accelerate† meaner, that value from our first PIED controller will determinate how â€Å"fast† do we want to correct for the current stabilization error. Step 5. : second PIED Second PIED controller takes the â€Å"accelerate† from first PIED as â€Å"setting† and current gyroscope output (gyro Rate) as input. Resulting output from second PIED controller is the decimal value representing force that has to be applied to each of the axis to correct for the stabilization error. In our case this force is generated by spinning propellers, which size we can control by adjusting speed of the rotating props. How to cite Building Quadcopter Software from Scratch – Theory, Papers

Uto Review Essay Example

Uto Review Paper Essay on Uto This book runs like a hard piece of meat stuck in his teeth. But, nevertheless, it makes you think, but, unfortunately, not on the authors ideas. As once remarked Maria GINnoImoto, in the series Here is the book! Seen Teenager theme. The book Uto is no exception. The story begins with the history of how the guy got in Uto family Follette. To this end, the author resorts to the help of the epistolary genre. Correspondence between the mother goes Uto and her friend. This is not new, but it is quite clear to the reader. The narrator of the mouth and from the mouth of the hero constantly go the words of the uniqueness and otherness Man Uto all people that, I confess, a bit annoying: We will write a custom essay sample on Uto Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Uto Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Uto Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer  «Uto Drodemberg reaches out without making no attempt to smile. Lord, how much charm it as intuitive gentility! Exhausted by a long flight, jet lag, he continues to maintain his style; thin, flexible, it produces an irresistible impression, his charm is simply impossible to resist (authors insertion in the book that very frequency, but it is not clear and is not justified, which uses the author this technique. This remains a mystery to me) another minus in the book little imagery. The author himself points out, creates a mood, feeling, atmosphere. Not deeds of heroes, not the situation speak for themselves, it helps to reveal the narrator himself, denoting everything in plain text. Perhaps it is the flaws of the Russian translation or the original manner of presentation Andrea De Carlo. More tropes and figures, fewer unnecessary words, sentences, and finally paragraphs, and the book would read a much easier and more enjoyable The theme raised by the author is not new (the first thing that comes to mind is a book by Jerome D. . Salingers the Catcher in the rye) the guy with a musical gift, in the period of puberty (behaves with all the arrogance, constantly chewing gum, of course, be sure to wear a leather jacket and an old holey socks), exposes society, it is correct in every sense of the family into which he has fallen. However, de Carlo loses much Salinger in revealing the theme A small volume and a drop of sophistication of the authors presentation, would make the book much more digestible We can not say that the Uto -.. Reading from a number of the cheap, but the manner of presentation of the author makes pretty tense, to overpower the book to the end. The great thing the author is really able to convey the boredom and boredom of their heroes. He succeeded in full.

How Is the SAT Scored Scoring Charts

How Is the SAT Scored Scoring Charts SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips One question that often comes up as you begin studying for the SAT is this: how on earth is this thing scored? Or more specifically, how are the raw scores you earn from each section turned into those neat numbers between 200 and 800 you see on the score report? This article breaks down how the SAT is scored, section by section. You will learn how your raw score becomes a scaled score and how you can use that information to your advantage. After all, a strong understanding of the exam can give you an edge on the SAT. Overview The SAT has two big sections – Evidence-Based Reading and Writing (EBRW), and Math. You can earn a scaled score of between 200 and 800 points on each section, for a total of 1600 possible points on the Redesigned SAT. (If you're looking for information about the old SAT, which was last offered in January 2016 and scored out of 2400, you can learn here how to calculate your SAT score and how to interpret your SAT results.) The scaled score of between 200 and 800 is converted from the raw score you earn on each section. Your raw score is simply the number of questions you answered correctly. Skipped or wrong questions do not add or subtract from your raw score. So how do those raw scores become scaled scores? It happens through a process that College Board calls equating: â€Å"Equating ensures that the different forms of the test or the level of ability of the students with whom you are tested do not affect your score. Equating makes it possible to make comparisons among test takers who take different editions of the test across different administrations.† In other words, equating is not curving your score relative to other test takers on the day you take the test. Equating controls for slight variations in different SAT dates to ensure that scaled scores represent the same level of ability across different test dates. For example, a 600 on SAT Math in March has to represent the same ability level as a 600 on SAT Math in May. So if the May test turns out to be more difficult for students, the raw-score to scaled-score calculation will be adjusted so that a slightly lower raw score still nets a 600 scaled score. Since the equating formula changes from test to test to keep the scores equal, there is no way to know for sure how a certain raw score will translate to a scaled score. However, the College Board releases raw score to scaled score ranges to give you an idea of what level of raw score you need to get to certain scaled score numbers. While there are not confirmed score range tables available yet, we can use the raw to scaled score tables included in College Board’s free SAT practice tests for a sense of how raw scores become scaled scores on the Redesigned SAT. You'll notice as you look at the tables that they differ slightly: for example, a raw score of 57 gets you a perfect 800 on Test 4 but not Test 1. This is because, as we discussed above, each test is equated so that despite slight differences in difficulty, an 800 on one test means the same as an 800 on another test. In this case, the Math section on Test 4 is slightly harder, so you can only miss one point and still get an 800. And don’t worry – we will explain scoring for each section in depth so you’ll know exactly how to use these tables. Test 1 Score Conversion Table Via College Board's Scoring Your Practice Test 1. Test 4 Score Conversion Table Via College Board's Scoring Your Practice Test 4. Next, we will break down the mechanics of scoring section-to-section, to help you best prepare for each part of the test. Calculating Your Math Section Score Finding your score on SAT Math is relatively straightforward. I'll walk you step-by-step through finding your raw score to calculating your final scaled score between 200 and 800. Figure out your raw score on each of the two math sections (No Calculator and Calculator). This is just the total amount of questions you answered correctly. The No Calculator section has 20 possible points, while the Calculator section has 38 possible points. Blank or wrong questions do not count for or against you. For the Grid-In answers, where you fill in the answer rather than choosing A, B, C, or D, remember that there can be a few different ways to write the same answer (for example, 3/5 could also be written as 0.6). As an example, let's say I take Practice Test 1. After checking my answers, I count 15 correct answers on the No Calculator Section, and 25 correct answers on the Calculator section. I ignore wrong or blank answers as I count, since there is no longer a deduction for wrong answers. Add your No-Calculator raw score to your Calculator raw score. This is your final Math raw score. The highest possible raw score is 58. To continue my example, I would add 15 (my raw score on the No Calculator section) to 25 (my raw score on the Calculator section) for a final Math raw score of 40. Using the table for your practice test, find the scaled score of 200-800 your raw score matches to. Since I took Practice Test 1, I use Table 1 and find that a raw score of 40 translates to a scaled score of 610. Via College Board's Scoring Your Practice Test 1. What if you're not using one of College Board's practice tests? If you’re scoring questions from a practice test without a raw score to scaled score table, or you just want to know how many raw points you would need for a certain score, look at both tables to come up with an estimate. For example, when I look at Table 4, I see that a raw score of 40 on that test would have gotten me a 670! Based on that, I know if I get a raw score of 40 on Math, I can bet on a final score in the low- to mid-600s. We'll talk more about how to come up with raw score goals later in the post! Calculating Your Evidence-Based Reading and Writing Score Finding your EBRW scaled score is a bit trickier than finding your Math score, since you have to combine your performance on the Reading and Writing sections. Let's take a look. Find your raw score on the Reading section. This is just the total amount of questions you answered correctly. Blank or wrong questions do not count for or against you. The highest raw score possible is 52. To continue with my example, let's stay with Practice Test 1. Let's say I correct the Reading section and find that I got 39 questions right. That gives me a Reading raw score of 39. Find your raw score on the Writing section. This is just the total amount of questions you answered correctly. Blank or wrong questions do not count for or against you. The highest raw score possible is 44. Let's say I correct the Writing section and see that I got 35 questions correct. My Writing raw score is 35. Find your Reading â€Å"scaled score† on the table. This is a number between 10 and 40. Using Table 1, I look up my Reading raw score of 40, and see that it translates to a scaled score of 32. Find your Writing â€Å"scaled score† on the table. This is a number between 10 and 40. Using Table 1, I look up my Writing raw score of 35 and see that it also translates to 32. Via College Board's Scoring Your Practice Test 1. Add your Reading and Writing scaled scores together. You’ll get a number between 20 and 80. Since I got a 32 scaled score on both Reading and Writing, I add them together: 32 + 32 = 64. Multiply your scaled score by 10. This is your final scaled score between 200 and 800. I multiply 64 by 10 to get 640. This is my final Evidence-Based Reading and Writing score. Finally, I can calculate my total SAT composite score, since I know my Math score (610) and my EBRW score (640). I simply add them together to get the composite: 610 + 640 = 1250. Not too shabby! Subscores But wait, there's more! The Redesigned SAT also gives you a number of subscores: two that rate your ability in different subjects (History/Social Studies and Science), and seven that break down the Math, Reading, and Writing sections into more specific (and creatively-named!) skills, for example, "Heart of Algebra." You can read in-depth about the Subscores on the Redesigned SAT website. We’ll explain here how to calculate these various subscores – and also talk a bit about why they’re not as important as your main section scores. Cross-Tess Scores: Analysis in History/Social Studies and Analysis in Science To calculate your cross-test scores, you need to have access to a detailed answer key that marks which questions fall under which cross-score categories, since they will come from all different sections of the test. If you take the College Board's free practice tests (linked above), then you can use their answer keys, which are quite detailed. Find the questions marked as History/Social Studies and Science in the answer key. Next, find your raw score for each category – simply total up how many questions you got right. This can be a bit tedious, since you have to count up questions from different sections. College Board's answer keys come with a table to help you do this. Via College Board's Scoring Your Practice Test 1. Finally, use their table to calculate your final scaled score, between 10 and 40, for each subject area, History/Social Science and Science, based on the raw scores you found. Unlike EBRW, you do not combine these two scores and multiply them for a final scaled score between 200 and 800. They simply stand alone as indicators of your Science and Social Science skills. Via College Board's Scoring Your Practice Test 1. Subject-Specific Subscores You can also calculate subscores for seven other areas: Expression of Ideas, Standard English Conventions, Heart of Algebra, Problem Solving and Data Analysis, Passport to Advanced Math, Words in Context, and Command of Evidence. These subscores give you more fine-grained information about your performance within Math and EBRW. You find these subscores using the same process: find the questions marked as belonging to those categories, total up your raw score for each category, and then use the conversion table to find your scaled scores. It can definitely be tedious to calculate all of these on your own, since there are seven categories, but it can be worth it to learn more about your strengths and weaknesses as a test-taker, as we will discuss below. An example of how to find the relevant questions to calculate a subscore. Via College Board's Scoring Your Practice Test 1. The final conversion table for finding your subscores. Via College Board's Scoring Your Practice Test 1. How Much Do My Subscores Matter? In terms of how your SAT score is perceived, the subscores aren’t very important. Colleges are looking most closely at your composite score, and then at the two main section scores (EBRW and Math). They may look at your subscores for more info or context about your performance, but they’re not nearly as important. Especially since these subscore categories are new with the Redesigned SAT, and colleges aren’t really used to taking all of these different subscores into account, they are more likely to rely on just the basic composite (1600) and main section scores (out of 800) to compare your scores with other applicants. However, these subscores can be very helpful for you. Why? They can give you major clues as to where to focus your prep. For example, say that when you calculate your math subscores and notice that you missed over half of the â€Å"Passport to Advanced Math† questions, despite getting the other questions mostly correct. That’s a big hint that you are struggling with some higher-level math concepts, and you should study them carefully before retaking the test. So even though it's tedious, if you're not getting the scores you want on practice exams, take the time to calculate your subscores both the cross-subject scores and the section subscores to figure out where you're going wrong and to focus your studying more carefully. What About the Essay? Unlike the old SAT, on the new SAT, your essay score is totally separate and not combined with your final composite score in any way. (You could technically score a perfect 1600 even with a subpar essay – not that we recommend blowing the essay off, as we will discuss below!). As forhow your essay is graded, it will receive three scores between 2 and 8: one score for Reading, one for Analysis, and one for Writing. A 2 is the lowest score for any category, while 8 is the highest. Reading will judge how well you read through and understood the passage the essay is about and how well you demonstrate that understanding in your essay. Analysis will judge how well you analyze the passage in relation to the prompt and how solid (or not) your argument is. Writing will judge how strong your essay is from a construction standpoint: in other words, is it logical? Does it flow well? Do you use good grammar and spelling? Two readers (as in, two flesh and blood people!) will read your essay, and give the Reading, Analysis, and Writing parts of your essay a score from 1 to 4. Those scores will then be added together for the three final scores of between 2 and 8. You can read a complete SAT essay rubric in case you’re curious about how exactly the essay will be graded. How To Use This Information So, now that you’re an expert on how the SAT is scored, how can you use this information to your advantage? We have identified four key ways in which understanding SAT scores can help you make a smart study plan and improve your score. #1: Develop Targeted Raw Scores You can use College Board’s raw-to-scaled score tables to help develop a target raw score for each section. For example, if you want to crack 700 on Math, you should aim for at least a 45, though 50 is the safest bet. If you want to get to at least a 700 on EBRW, since it combines Reading and Writing, you can play around a bit with your raw score goals. For example, you could aim to get a scaled score of 35 on each section, for a total of 70. In this case, you would go for 45 raw points on Reading and 39 raw points on Writing. But say you are really confident about the Writing section but less confident on Reading. You could go for a perfect 40 on Writing and aim for 30 on Reading and still get a 70, a.k.a. 700, overall. In that case, you would aim for all 44 raw points on Writing and 36 raw points on reading. So no matter what your score goals are, using the tables to find the raw scores you need helps make your studying more concrete and manageable. Knowing how many raw points you need gives you a much better sense of how to approach each section. (By the way, if you're wondering what SAT score you should aim for you should read our guide to what a good SAT score is.) #2: Guess Aggressively Since the Redesigned SAT doesn’t have a guessing penalty, make sure to answer every single question on every single section – even if it means filling in random bubbles if you run out of time at the end of the test. At best, you’ll pick up an extra raw point or two, at worst, you won’t gain any. But you will not be hurt at all by guessing, so it’s worth the shot! Remember: if you're leaving blank bubbles on your SAT answer sheet, you're basically throwing away free raw points. #3: Don't Sweat the Essay... But Don't Brush It Off, Either Since the essay doesn’t factor into your final composite score, don’t devote too much of your SAT study time on it. Having the highest composite score possible is important both for admission to selective schools and for getting merit scholarships. However, you shouldn’t swing the other way and completely bomb the essay. Colleges will be able to read your essay when your SAT scores are sent, so you want it to represent your sincerest effort. Especially since colleges have the essay as an example of your writing, you want it to be good quality so that your carefully edited essays don't look like they were written by someone else. Bottom line: your overall composite score is much more important than the essay, and as long as your essay score isn’t drastically different than your composite, you’ll be fine. #4: Do Sweat the Math Section Since Math is exactly half of your composite score, it’s more important than ever to study hard for it. Unlike the old SAT, on which Math was just 1/3 of your total composite, on the Redesigned SAT, it can absolutely make or break your score. To take an example, let's look at two hypothetical students. Student A does perfectly on Reading and Writing, scoring a perfect 40 on each section for a composite of 800. However, he stumbles a bit on Math, getting a composite of 600. Student A's final composite is 1400. Student B, meanwhile, does perfectly on Math, with a score of 800, and Reading, with a scaled score of 40. However, she stumbles a bit on writing and only gets a scaled score of 30. Her final EBRW scaled score is a 70 (40 + 30), meaning that she ends up with an EBRW composite of 700. So Student B's final composite score is a 1500, significantly higher! The message here isn't to neglect studying for Reading and Writing. It is still important to do very well on both sections for a strong EBRW score. However, you can see that out of the three sections, Math carries the most weight, so it's very important to do well on Math for a strong final composite score. What's Next? Did the last section freak you out? If you don't consider yourself a math person, don't panic! We have the ultimate guide for SAT Math including practice problems and key strategies to help you do well. By the way, we believe anyone can be a math person! To find out how, check out this article on getting perfect grades in high school from our resident Harvard alum. Not only does this guide have great advice for improving your grades, it also explains the concept of a "growth mindset" and why having this mindset is key to doing well, even in subjects you think you're not good at. Get the complete lowdown on the Redesigned SAT with our complete guide to the New SAT. In this post we break down new question types, new strategies, and new challenges that you may face on the SAT beginning in March 2016. What SAT score should you aim for?We take you step by step through figuring out your SAT target score. This is a crucial step to be able to figure out the raw scores you need for each section and to make a comprehensive study plan. Want to improve your SAT score by 160points?Click below to download our free guide to the top 5 strategies you need to keep in mind to have a shot: